In 1993, the Clinton administration introduced the Clipper Chip (MYK-78), requiring all phones to include an NSA-designed encryption chip with built-in government backdoor access via key escrow. The encryption algorithm 'Skipjack' was classified, preventing peer review. In 1994, cryptographer Matt Blaze found a critical flaw that allowed the escrow system to be bypassed entirely. The chip was abandoned by 1996 after massive public opposition, but the concept of mandated encryption backdoors resurfaces regularly.